First question-Check the large vacuum line to the brake booster for any cracks or loose fit. If all is right then check the filter and grommet at the booster.
If there were bad/loose lines or wheel cylinders there would be a loss of fluid accompanied by damp spots at the point of leakage.
Second question-Find out if you have solid(mechanical) or hydraulic lifters(tappets for the Brits
). Solid lifters will always make some noise.
There should be a procedure in one of your manuals to check and correct the adjustment for both types.
Timing issues are usually indicated by detonation, poor performance, loss of power/fuel efficiency, or hard starts.
From your description it sounds like the valve springs may be getting weak. It could also be you are getting detonation from misadjusted ignition timing or stuck/malfunctioning timing advance.